三个模型是如何设计的How the three models were built

通常的神经网络A normal neural network

大量数据Lots of data
→
训练Training梯度下降gradient descent
→
学到的权重Learned weights

这三个模型These three models

《三体》原著The novels
→
强大的模型直接编写A strong model writes them事实 → 精确的权重值facts → exact weight values
→
手写的权重Written weights

这三个网络没有经过训练:没有训练数据,没有一步梯度下降。每一个权重都由一个强大的语言模型直接编写。模型 2 和模型 3 是在前一版基础上重新编辑出来的。 None of these networks was trained. There was no training data and not a single gradient step. A strong language model wrote every weight directly. Models 2 and 3 are re-edited versions of the one before.

01 · 参数量Parameters

参数很多,几乎全是零Many parameters, almost all zero

参数量按完整的稠密矩阵计算。因为每个权重都是有意写下的,绝大多数位置都是 0——真正起作用的只有不到 1%。Parameters are counted as full dense matrices. Because every weight was placed on purpose, nearly every entry is zero: fewer than 1% of them do anything.

02 · 层数Layers

5 层 → 8 层 → 9 层5 layers → 8 layers → 9 layers

从上到下是一句话流过网络的顺序。编号的是带权重的层;虚线框没有权重。彩色的是这一版新增的层,条的长度表示该层的单元数(对数刻度)。Read top to bottom: the order a sentence flows through the network. Numbered boxes are layers with weights; dashed boxes have none. Colored boxes are new in that model. The bar under each layer shows how many units it has (log scale).

沿用上一版kept from the previous model 这一版新增new in this model

模型 2 和模型 3 的全连接层与前面所有层直接相连(稠密跳连)。In Models 2 and 3, every dense layer connects to all layers before it (dense skip connections).

03 · 区别Differences

每一版多懂了什么What each model added

三个模型读的都是关键词,不是语法。区别在于它们能把关键词组合成多复杂的判断。All three read keywords, not grammar. They differ in how much they can do with those keywords.

同一句话,三个模型Same sentence, three models

以下是三个模型对这些句子的真实输出。These are the models' real answers to these sentences.

04 · 基准测试Benchmark

1000 道题的成绩Results on 1,000 statements

1000 条陈述1,000 statements 500 条为真500 true 500 条为假500 false

答案落在哪里Where the answers went

模型 1 很少说"真",所以几乎不误报,但漏掉了大部分真陈述。模型 3 找回了更多真陈述,代价是多了一些误报。Model 1 rarely says "true", so it almost never raises a false alarm, but it misses most true statements. Model 3 finds far more true statements, at the cost of more false alarms.

答对answered correctly 答错answered wrongly 理想的 50% "真"ideal: 50% "true"
查看完整数据表Show the full table ▾